Scientific management is a style of production management that aims to analyze and improve work processes by applying the principles of science. The basic idea is to systematically study the work being done and try to determine how it can be improved. It's rooted in the idea that there are right and wrong ways to do things, which means that any time something goes wrong, it's because someone has done something wrong.

The term "scientific management" was coined by Frederick Winslow Taylor, who began working with industrialists in Philadelphia in the late 1890s. He wanted to help them make their businesses more efficient by making workers more efficient. He believed that by analyzing each task and breaking it down into smaller parts, workers could be taught how to perform each part perfectly. Once workers knew how to do their jobs well, he argued, they would be motivated by the increased efficiency of their work and thus would not need supervision from managers or foremen.

Scientific management is a system of management that uses science to improve workplace efficiency and effectiveness. The four principles of scientific management are:

1. Division of labor — workers specialize in a single task, which increases their efficiency and productivity

2. Scientific selection of workers — employers select workers based on their abilities and train them for their specific job requirements

3. Improved tools and equipment — employers invest in the latest tools and technology to improve worker productivity

4. The effects of motivation on productivity